Motor for windshield wipers



May 29, 1923.

E. J. HUDSON MOTOR FOR WINDSHIELD WIPERS ,.1922 2 Sheets-Sheet l FiledMay ll FIL May 29, 1923.

1,457,031 E. J. HUDSON MOTOR FOR wINDsHIELD WIPERs Filed May 11 1922 2sheets-sheet 2 To all 'wwmz't may concern:

`citizen of the in the county of Cook and State of Patented May 29,1923..

Be it known that I, EDWARD J. HUDSON, a United States, residing atGlencoe, Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMotors for Windshield Wipers, of which the following is a specificatlon.l

This invention has to do with certain improvements in wind shieldwipers. The invention has reference to improvements in wind shieldwipers adapted to be operated by air suction or pressure asv the casemay be. Ordinarily, wind shield wipers embodying the features of thepresent invention will be operated by suction created by the operationof the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle on which the windshield is used, and for this reason I will herein refer tothe device asbeing operated by suction. It will be understood, however that it mightbe operated'to equal advantage in some cases' by the useof pressure.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide an improved form andarrangement of the valve mechanism by means-of which the suction isapplied alternately to the opposite sides of the piston or plunger so asto cause the same toreeiprocate in the proper manner. In thisconnection, it may be stated that the suction created by the operationof an internal combustion engine iuctuates within very wide limitsaccording to the speed of engine operation and according to the amountof throttle opening. Furthermore, when the engine throttle is suddenlyopened, the suction 1s greatly reduced, whereas upon a sudden closing ofthe engine throttle a reverse condition is brought about.

The windv shield wiper must therefore operate under the peculiarconditions result- Aing from the nature of the suction roducing devicewith which it is associate The valve mechanism by means of which thesuction is applied to move the mechanism alternately in one directionand then in the other should be so constituted as to ensure a fulltravel'of the wiper in each direction before the reversal of the wipermovement takes place, in order to ensure a comlete and satisfactorycleanin operation.

he valve mechanism Should ao be so arranged that this result will bebrought about notwithstanding the fact that` sudden and large variationsof suction may take place instan l anwaan a. Bonson, or amena, minors.

'ivrHIELD WIREBS.

Application tiled Hay 11, 1922. Serial No. 560,005.

during the movement of the wiper in' either direction.

' The main object of the present invention is to provide a valvemechanism which will satisfactorily function in the manner aboveexplained and under the conditions of operation existing in deviceshereinbeore explained. p

. other object of the invention relates to the provision of a windshield wiping device in which a valve mechanism respondin to the abovere uirements is associated wit a very simple orm of piston and c linderarrangement, so that the entire comp ete device may be very simple inconstruction and definite in its operation.

Other objects and uses of the invention will appear from a detaileddescriptionjof the'same, which consists in the features of constructionand combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 shows a side elevation of a wind shield wiper embodying thefeatures of the present invention, the front plate of the valvemechanism, being vremoved in order to show the construction of the valvemechanism itself;

Fig. 2 shows a section taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, looking in the.direction of the arrows, the squeegee being removed;

Fig. 3 shows a view corres onding to Fig. 2, with the exception that thevalve stands inthe reversed position, and the squee ee is mounted on therockshaft, the wind s eld wiper being shown in position on the frame ofIa wind shield;

Fig. ishows a section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3,' looking in thedirection of the arrows;

Fig. 5 shows a section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1, looking in thedirection of the arrows, but on enlarged scale; i,

. Fig. 6l shows an` enlarged face view. of the valve mechanism in whatmay be designated the initial position, corresponding to thecommencement of Va stroke of the piston;

Fig. 7 shows a view corresponding to Fig. 6, with the exception that thepiston and rock shaft have advanced Ato the position where the togglelever is picked up;

Fig. 8 shows a view corres onding to Figs. 6 and 7, with the exceptionthat the piston and rock shaft have advanced a of this class and aswithin a the frame l1'8 of a wind further distance, carrying with themthe toggle derer to al point where it is about rea y to snap over deadcenter to reveme the valve; and

Fig. 9 shows a vievsf'colti-aspeng to Figs. 6, 7 and 8, with theexception that.V the toggle lever has snapped over dead center and hasreversed 'the mechanfimi so as to apply the suction to the other side ofthe piston mechanism.

ln the several figures l have shown the features oi the presentinvention as being .applied to that type oit wind shield wiper whichincludes 'a semi-circular cyimder or piston chber 10 wit which there isswingingly mounted the piston il carried by the rock shaft 12. li haveillustrated the present valve mechanism as incorporated device ofthisgeneral type largely of convenience in illustration, matter oflimitation, except as inventionin the claims. ar constructionillustrated in the drawings also inciudes a removable cover plate 13having a central upstandmg part 14 which overhes the roch shaft 12. riheend portions 15 and'16 of the rock shaft are of reduced size as comparedwith its central portion and pass throughsmtable journals in the casing.Screws 17 serve as a convenient means for holding1 the cover platein'place, and a gasket or ot er air seal may be used between the casingand cover vfor purposes but not as a l may limit m The partie l plate'if necessary.

The casing 1s adapted for attachment to shield panel 19 'as shown/inFig. 3. A. rock arm 20 may be connected tothe projecting portion 15 ofthe rock shaft, saidrock arm carrying a squeegee 21 which works againstthe surface of the wind shield. Y

lf'de'sired, a hand lever 22 may be mounted on the inner end 16 of therock shaft so as tov permit the operator of the vehicle to rock thelsqueegee by hand.

The Avalve mechanism to which the present invention articularly relatesis convenientl mounte within a chamber established by t e wall 23projecting from the back side of the casin 10. This wall 23, tother withthe vcover plate 13l establishes a c amber 24 within which thevalvemechanism is located. suction passage 2 5 leads/across the widthof thechamber 24 with which, however, it does not communicate directly, and 'aiiexible hose 26 may be connected with the passa e 25, said hose.leading to the intake maniold of the .en 'ne so as to apply thesuction'thereof to t e passage 25. Y .valve 27 is provided'to cut 0Ethev passage 25 at a. point in advance of the valve mechanism when theoperation is to cease.

A pair of slide valves 28 and 29 are mounted in vertical fashionat thetwo sides of the chamber 24. These' slide valves are 'cieariy shownanevoazi guided in their movements by the partitions 31. and 32. Eachslide valve hady on its undea` tace which contacts against the chamber10 'a -cut away ortion or oove 33, as in igs. 2 i 3. in the of thecasing 10 and at opupper portion 'posite sides of the rock shaft 12, arelocated the upwardly facing ports 34 and 35. The iower ends ot theseports communicate with the backwardly reaching ports 36 and 37respectively, which terminate adjacent to the slide valves. The coverplate 13 is provided with recesses communicate with the ports 34 and 35respectively, 'said recesses 38 reaching over into communication withthetwo ends of the cylinder chamber. Consequently, communication isestablished between the ports 36 and 37 and the respective ends of thechamber.

@ther ports V39 and 40 reach backward from the passage 25 to Vpointsadjacent to the slide valve'28 and 29 respectively. The f cut awayportions 33 of the slide valves are of proper size to establishcommunication between the port 39 or the port 40, and the port 36 or theport 37 as the case maybe,

adapted to reciprocate up.A and downbeing 38 in its bottom tace whichwhen the slide valves are respectively raised into the positions shownin Figs. l and 3.

0n the other hand, when'the slide valves are lowered into the positionof Fig. 2 the ports 39 or 40, as the case may be, are

covered, the corresponding ports 36 or 37 r being uncovered to admit airinto the corresponding ends of the cylinder. This air may iow 1n at thepoint 41 around the rear extensionv points where leakage occurs.

The Slide valves 28 and 29 are to be raised and lowered simultaneouslyand in opposition, and these movements should only take place when thepiston'is at or near the extreme end of its movement. A balance lever 42is pivoted to the back face of the casing at the point 43. The ends 44and 45Lof this balance lever engagelots 46 and 47 of the slide valves28"and rock ofthe balance lever in one direction or the other will brinabout the contrary movements of the sli e valves.

A toggle pin 48 has with respecttoA the cover plate 13l at the point 49.The upper portiono this toggle lever is cut out as shown at 50 andstraddles the projecting portion of the shaft 16. On the exposed end pin51 which works within this cut Vaway portion 50 and is adapted to strikethe same alternately at op osite sides so as to rock the in 48 irst 1none direction and then in t e other. This rocking movement of the pin 48is` only brought about after the pin 51 has traveled almost the entiredistance as dictated by the piston travel. The pin '48 16 of the rockshaft, or at other its upper end pivoted of the rock shat 12 is a 29respectively. The.

neniains stationary during almost the entire amount of the iston trav l.

The `in 48 as its lower end hollowed out an receives a ball 52 which isforced downwardly by the pressure of a sprin 53. A bracket plate 54 isSecured to the ack face of the casing, the u per central ortion of saidbracket plate turn .rearwardly at right angles in.. the form of acentral support 55, as shown 'in Fig. 1. This central support 55 extendsthrough a cutaway portion 56 of the balance lever, and the ball 52travels duringithe major portion of its movement on the plate 55 and outof contact from the balance lever 42. The' ball only comes into contactwith one end or the other of thebalance lever after the ball has passeddead'center on the plate 55, and when the ball passes this dead centerthe pressure of the spring 53 causes the pin to snap over suddenly andthus eiect an almost instantaneous reversal of the balance lever 42 whenthe ball 52 strikes said balance. lever. Y

lhese movements are very clearly set forth in the serial shown in Figs.6, 7, 8 and 9. lIn the position of Fig. 6, the pin 48 is at the righthand position, and the control pin 51 is also at the right handposition, this being also the position of the piston within the casing.With the valves in the position shown in Fig. 6, the suction will tendto draw the piston towards the left in `said figure, thus carrying withit the pin 51.

en said pin reaches the position of Fig. 7, it picks up thel pin 48 andcarries said pin to the posltion shown in Fig. 8. At the position shownin Fig. 8, the pin 48 is just passing dead center and immediately snapsto the left under the pressure of the spring 53 so as to reverse thevalve mechanism into the position of Fig. 9. This reversal takes placeso quickly that the pin 51 and the gisten are practically in the sameposition in ig 9 as in Fig. 8. The suction 1s thus reversed almostinstantly, and the iston commences to travel in the reverse direction.lt isl thus clear that the valves, together with the balance leveralways remain at rest in either one position or the other duringsubstantially the entire travel of the toggle pin and piston, the togglepin being carried `during almost its entire travel lby the stationaryabutment 55. .K

While I have herein shown and described only a single embodiment'of thefeatures of my present invention, still I do not limit myself to thesame except as I may do so in` the claims.

I claim:

1. In a device of the class described the combination with an arcuatecylinder, a rock shaft extending across the upper portion thereof, and apiston carried by said rock shaft and working within the cylinder, and

, with an opening,

end of the 'cylinder-alter- Y tive connection from each end of thebalance lever to the adjacent slide valve, pin having its upper endpivotally with respect to the cylinder and provided al1-eccentric pin onthe Arock shaft working in saidxopening and adapted to engage the sidesthereofto swing the toggle pin back and forth, there being a stationaryabutment adjacent to the lower end of the toggle pin and immediatelyabove the central portion of the balance lever, and a spring pressedball in the lower end of the toggle pin adapted to travel over saidabutment and into contact with the balance lever alternately at oppositesides of its pivotalpoint, substantially as described.

2. In a device of the class described the combination with a cylinder, apiston working therein, and a rock shaft in 'conjunction with saidpiston, and there being a suction passage adjacent to said cylinder, ofvalve mechanism for a toggle mounted controlling communication betweensaid suction passage and each 'z frend of the cylinder alternately,includin ai port reaching through the wall of the cylinder at each endthereof, a vertically movable...

slide valve slidably mounted onthe wall ofl the cylinder adjacent toeach said port, the sliding face of each said valve being cut away toprovide a recess therein, a balance lever pivotally mounted between theslide l Y valves, an operative connection from each end ofthebalancelever to the adjacent slide valve, a toggle pin having its upperend pivotally mounted with respect to the cylinder and provided with anopening, an eccentric pm on the rock shaft working in-said openingandadapted to lemgage the sides thereof to swing the toggle pin back andforth, ,there being a stationary .abutment adjacent to the lower end ofthe toggle pin and immediately above the ance lever, and a lower end ofover said abutment and into contact with the, balance lever alternatelyat opposite sides of spring pressed ball in the its pivotalpoint,substantially as described.

3. In a device ofthe class described the combination with a cylinder, apiston working therein, and a rock shaft in conjunction with saidpiston, and there being a suction passage adjacent to said cylinder, ofvalveV mechanism for controlling communication central portion of thebal- Y the toggle pin adapted to travel 1 $9 passage a @einembetweensaid suction passage and each .end of the cylinderalternately/including a port ot the cylinder alternately, including aport reaching through the wall lof the/cylinder' reaching throughthewall of the cylinder at at each end thereof, a slide valve slidablyeach end thereof, `a slide valve slidably mounted onthe wall of thecylinder adja- Lil mounted on the wall of the cylinder adjacent conttoco-Ch said port, the vsliding face of 'I0 to each. said port, thesliding face or `each each said valve being cut away to providesaidvalve being cut away to provide arecess e recess therein., a balancelever pivotally Y therein, abalance lever pivotally mounted Il lountedbetween the slide Valves, an operabetween the slide valves, an operativecontlve connection from each end of the ball@ nection from each end ofthe balance lever ance lever to the adjacent slide valve, a 75 to theadjacent slide valve, a toggle pin havtoggle plu having its upper endpivotally ing its upper end pivotally mounted with mounted with respectto the cylinder and respect to the cylinder and provided with having apau'V of opposite abutments, an an opening, an eccentric pin on ftherock @00P/11H10 P111 011 the rock Shaft adapted to .35 shaft working insaid opening and adapted engage Sold ebutments in alternation as the 80to-engage the sidesthereof to swing the tog- IOCk Shf`f 1'0cks, thereboing e convex gle pin back and forth, there being a statarcuatestationary abutmentadjacent to the tionary abutment adjacent to thelower end lower end of the toggle pin andvimmediof the toggle pin andimmediately above the tely 2 VG tho Control portion of the balancecentral portion of the balance lever, and a lover, and e Sprmg pressedelement carried 85 spring pressed ball in the lower end of the by thelower ond 0f the toggle pin. adapted toggle pin adapted to travel oversaid abutt0 tfvfl W61 Said abutment and Into c011- ment and into contactwith the balance lever tact Wlth tho bolll, level' yalternately atalternately at opposite sides of its Ipivotal O PPO'Slte sldes 0f ltsPWOtal Pomti Substan point, substantially as described. tlally asdescribed. A

4. ln a device of the class described the 6. 'in a device of the classdescribed the combination with a cylinder, a piston worlicombinationwith a cylinder, a piston working therein, and a rock shaft inconjunction 111g therein, and a reciprocating element in with saidiston, and there being a suction oonlimctlon with said piston, therebeing a,

djacent to said cylinder, of valve Suction passage adjacent to saidcylinder,.of c5 mechanism for controlling communication Voljomoohanlsmfor controlling communibetween said suction Apassage, and eachend cation betweensaid suction passage and each Vof the cylinderalternately, including a port @11d 0f thocylmder alternately, includinga reaching through the wall oi the cylinder at Ort reachlng through thewall of the cyl- ,-1 315 each end thereof, a slide valve slidabiy inderat each end' thereof, a valve movably mount/ed on the wall of thecylinder ateach {Bountodwith respect to the wall of the cylj. endthereof, the sliding tace of each said Inder adjacent to each said port,a balance valve bein cut away to provide a recess lever pivotallymounted between the valves, therein, a alance lever pivotally mounted anoperative connection fromA each end of the between the slide valves, anoperative con-l balene@ lever t@ the @alacant Valve, @toggle m5 nectionfrom each end of the balance lever pin having its upper end pivot-,ally'moun to the. adjacent slide. valve, a toggle pin with respect to thecylinder and'having a having its upper end pivotally mounted with pair oopposite' abutments', said abutmantg respect to the cylinder andprovided with an being in position for engagement alternately opening,an eccentric pin on the rock shaft by said reciprocating element therebeing a im working in said opening and adapted to. convex arcuatestationary abutment adjaengage the sides thereof to swing the togglecent to the lower end of the toggle pin and pin back and forth, therebeing an arcuate immediateiyabove the central portion of the stationaryabutment adjacent to the lower balance lever, 'and a spring pressedelement w end of the toggle pin and immediately above carried Aby thelower end of the toggle pin n a the central portion of the balancelever, said adapted to travel over said abutment and abutment -havingits centralportion higher into contact with the balance lever alterthanits end portions, and a spring pressed nately at o positie-'sides of itspivotal point, ball in the lower end of the toggle pin adaptsubstantialy as described. l Y i ce ed to travel over said abutment and into 7'. Ina device of the class describedthe 1w contact with the balance leveralternately at combination with a cylinder, a pistonworkopposite sidesof its pivotal point, substaning therein, and a reciprocating element intially as described. conjunction with said piston, there being a Q5. Ina device of the class described the suction passage adjacent to saidcylinder, of

ce combination with a cylinder, a piston workvalve mechanism forcontrolling communi- 'im ing therein, and a rock shaft in conjunctioncation between said suction passage and'each with saiduiston, and therebeing a suction end of thecylinder alternately, including a passagejacent to said cylinder, a valve port reaching through the wall of thecylmechanism for controlling communication inder at each end. thereof, avalve movably between said suction passage and each end mounted-withrespect to the wall of the cylw inder adjacent to'each said port, apivotally mounted balance lever an o erative oonneetnagem chale-nd 0:hel ha t e jacentv ve atogge in vmg' its upper endI ivotaly mounte)with respect to the cylin er and having a pair of opposite abutments,said abutments being in position for engagement alternately by saidreciprocating element there being alanee lever toa convexm arcuatestationary a utment adJacent to the lower end of the toggle pin andimmediately' above the central portion of the balance lever, and a.spring pressed element carried by the lower end of the toggle pinadaptedl to travel over said abutment and lntoontact zle with thebalance lever alternatel at o posite sides of its pivotal point,substantiallyV EDWARD J. HUDSON.

